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八下英语知识点汇总-Have you read Treasure Island yet?

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?

一、重点短语

1. the marks of another man's feet 另一个人的脚印

2. more than 超出 = over

3. belong to 属于(+代词宾格、人名)

4. grow up 长大

5. at least 至少

6. can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事

7. think about 考虑

8. do some research on sth. 对……做研究

9. put...down 放下,记下   ≈ write down

10. 听说 hear of/about      收到某人的来信 hear from sb

11. 赶快 in a hurry          匆忙赶到…… hurry to + 地点                hurry to do sth 匆忙做某事

12. 数百万的 millions of 

13. at the end of the day 在一天结束的时候

14. 现场唱歌 sing live

15. be kind to each other 善待彼此    each other = one another 彼此;互相

16. run towards sp. 跑向某地

17. science fiction 科幻小说

18. use ... to do sth. 用……来做某事

19. the number of people 人数(做主语,谓语用单数)

20. trust one another 互相信任

21. the beauty of nature 大自然的美

22. come to realize 开始意识到

23. study abroad 在国外学习

24. ever since then 自从那时起             ever since 自从

25. have nothing 什么也没有

26. leave behind 遗忘;留下

27. another + 单数名词  另一个

      another + 数词 + 复数名词 = 数词+ more 复数名词     另外几个

28. 介绍给某人 introduce ... to sb         self-introduction 自我介绍

29. 保持/打破/创造纪录  keep/break/set the record

二、重点语法

1. 现在完成时

1)定义:过去发生的动作对现在有影响

例:-- Have you had breakfast yet? 你吃过早饭了吗?

       -- Yes, I have. I've had it. 是的,我吃过了(现在我不饿了)

       I've already read the book. 我已经度过这本书了(了解了书的内容)

2)结构:助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词

3)句型:

    ①肯定句:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他     例:I have found my pen.

    ②否定句:主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他   I haven't found my pen.

    ③一般疑问句: Have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他      -- Have you found your pen?

        肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + have/has               否定回答:No,主语 + haven't/hasn't

4)动词过去分词的变化规则

     一般动词过去分词的构成和过去式的构成相同。不规则动词的过去分词

5)常用标志词语

    ① already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice, 基数词 + times, so far ...

    ② for + 时间段, since + 时间点, since + 时间段 + ago, since + 句子(一般过去时)

    ③ just常用于肯定句中,放在have/has后      He has just come.

    ④never表示否定,放在have/has后              He has never visited the Great Wall.

    ⑤ever用于疑问句中,用于询问某人过去的经历     Have you ever been to the farm?

    ⑥before用于句末                                         The woman has never heard of that before.

    ⑦so far用于句首或句末                                 So far, we have visited the moon.

already与yet的用法:

already&yet “已经”,但already常用于肯定句中;yet常用于疑问句中,并用于句末。用于否定句,意为“还没,尚未”

e.g. I've already seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影

       Have you seen the film yet? 你已经看过这部电影了吗?

since与for(How long提问)

6)延续性动词和非延续性动词转换:

   □ borrow/ lend               have(has) kept

   □ buy                               have(has) had/ owned

   □ die                                have(has) been dead

   □ begin/ start                  have(has) been on

   □ finish/ end                    have(has) been over

   □ open                             have(has) been open

   □ close                             have(has) been closed

   □ fall asleep                     have(has) been asleep

   □ go to sleep                   have(has) been asleep

   □ become                         have(has) been

   □ leave                             have(has) been away (from)

   □ get married/marry        have(has) been married

   □ join                                have(has) been a member of / have(has) been in

   □ catch a cold                   have(has) had a cold

   □ move/ come/ go to/ reach/ get to/ arrive         have(has) been in/ at

   □ return/ go back/ come back                               have(has) been back

   △注意:how long,since, for与现在完成时连用时动词要用延续性动词

7)have been to/ gone to/ been in 的区别

have been to强调“曾经去过……”现已不在那里,已经回来了,后面可接表示“次数”的状语

have gone to 主要强调的是“去了……”,可能在去的途中,或在去的目的地。

have been in “在某地呆了多久”(和一段时间连用)

三、考点

1. Tom Sawyer is about a boy who lives in the United Kingdom.

① 定语从句修饰名词(先行词),通常用who/ that/ which代替名词作定语从句的主语或宾语成分

     先行词是人,用who/ that 代替;先行词是物,用which/ that代替

② 当被修饰的名词做定语从句的主语时,通常以名词来确定谓语动词的单复数。

2. an island full of treasures 在此句中作后置定语

     △ 充满……,装满…… be full of = be filled with. (在句中作谓语)

3. 你认为……怎么样?

    What do you think of/about ... = How do you like... = How do you feel like...

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