八下英语知识点汇总-Could you please clean your room?

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

一、重点词语

1. go out for dinner 出去吃饭

2. stay out late 在外面待到很晚

3. go to the movies 看电影

4. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步

5. all day/evening 整日/夜

6. do housework 做家务 = do chores

7. get a ride 搭车

8. finish doing sth. 完成做某事

9. do the dishes 洗餐具

10. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾

11. fold the clothes 叠衣服

12. sweep the floor 扫地

13. make the bed 整理床铺

14. as a result = so 因此     as a result of... = because of 因为

15. get good grades 取得好成绩

16. throw down 扔下    throw away 扔掉      throw...into 把……扔进……     throw sth to sb 朝某人扔      throw sth at sb 朝某人扔（含恶意）

17. come over 过来

18. shout back 大声回应

19. walk away 走开

20. all the time 一直；总是

21. share the housework 分担家务

22. in surprise 惊讶地

23. get something to drink 拿点喝的东西

24. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛

25. get sth. wet 使某物弄湿

26. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事

27. make sb do sth. 使某人做某事

28. a waste of time 浪费时间    （waste v.浪费用法与spend相同）

29. mind doing sth. 介意做某事

30. depend on 依赖；依靠

31. develop children's indenpendence 发展孩子的独立性

32. do one's part in (doing) sth. 做某人分内的事

二、重点语法、考点

1. Could you please (not) do sth?用于提出请求，希望得到对方肯定回答，语气较委婉

     肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./ No problem.

     否定回答：Sorry, I can't. / I'm afraid I can't.

2. (1) neither adv 也不

         I don't like this dress. 我不喜欢这件连衣裙。   Neither/ Nor do I. 我也不喜欢

          【注意】肯定句：He likes beef...   --So do I.  我也喜欢

     (2) neither...nor... 既不……也不……，连接两个词做主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则 

           Neither Tom nor I am a student

      (3) neither 作代词表示“两个都不”， neither of... 作主语时，谓语动词常用单数

           Neither of my parents is at home.

3. borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物（借入）

    lend sb. sth = lend sth. to sb 借给某人某物（借出）   （做题方法：看主语。借进borrow/借出lend）

    △ borrow、lend捕鱼一段时间连用，与一段时间连用用keep

4. need v 需要作实义动词常用于肯定句

  （1）人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事

  （2）物做主语，sth need doing = sth need to be done 

5. （1）invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事    （2）invite sb. to + 地点  邀请某人去某地

6. spend/pay/cost/take 花费

    （1）spend →spent→spent   v 花费，主语是人

             sb. + spend + 时间/钱  + on sth 在某事上花费……

             sb. + spend +时间/钱 + (in) doing sth

             He spends too much time on the computer games.

     （2）pay → paid → paid   v  支付，主语是人

              sb. + pay + 钱 + for sth              I pay 10 yuan for the book.

     （3）cost → cost → cost   v  花费，主语是某物或某事

              sth cost sb. + 钱  某物花费某人多少钱        eg. A new computer costs me a lot of money.

     （4）take → took → taken    v 花费

             It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间

             记忆方法：人做主语有两花，pay和spend. 物做主语cost，形式主语用take.

7. develop v → development n 发展 → developing adj. 发展中的 → developed adj. 发达的

     a developing country 一个发展中国家     a developed country 一个发达国家

8. pass sb. sth 把某物传给某人 = pass sth to sb       

    pass by 路过，经过    pass away 去世

9. as soon as = the minute 一……就……  （遵循：主将从现，主过从过）

10. in order to (do sth) 为了 = in order that + 句子 = so that + 句子（从句中常与can/could/may/might 等情态动词连用）

11. provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb  为某人提供某物

      offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 为某人提供某物

      offer to do sth 主动提出做某事       offer a seat 让座

12. mess n. 混乱，杂乱      make a mess 弄得一团糟     in a mess 乱七八糟

13. It作形式宾语

      形式宾语： 主语+谓语（find, think, make, feel）+ it + adj + to do sth

14. 意味着干某事 mean doing sth    打算干某事 mean to do sth

15. 干某事是足够的 It's enough to do sth

16. 如何照顾他们自己 How to look after themselves（疑问词后接动词不定式） 

17. 不需要某人干某事 There is no need for sb to do sth

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